Rumah Gadang, is one of the traditional houses in Indonesia that we often hear. House Tower is the traditional home of culture Minangkabau society is in the region of West Sumatra. As well as other custom home in Indonesia, the Tower House also has its own philosophy, both in terms of the shape of the building until the building decoration. Even a construction expert said that the Tower House 300 years is far more advanced than other buildings of its time. House Tower is home to the pride of Minangkabau society. House Tower built on poles and is located high above the ground. The most unique of the Tower House that is different from other areas is traditional house roofs are curved and tapered commonly called "gonjong". In the Minangkabau society, there is a custom petatah, "bakarano bakajadian" meaning something to do originate from the cause and reason. Gabled roof which comes from the story Tambo, history Minangkabau ancestors in ancient times.
According
to the story Tambo Alam Minangkabau, that gonjong at the Rumah Gadang was inspired from buffalo horn Minangkabau society shootout win against
buffalo buffalo Java people. This is why gonjong at the Tower House. So that ordinary Minangkabau House Tower House dipanggi with Bagonjong. Gonjong the longhouse also has other functions. In
addition to a roof, gonjong gadang consisting of multiple layers of
fibers that also serves to drain rainwater on the roof in order to
hurtle to the ground. House Tower-shaped body part floating beam upwards. Shape of the building comes from the story above floating trip Minangkabau ancestors. That said, the shape of the body resembles the Tower House boat ancestors called "presumptuous". Sassy ancestors sailed upstream Trunk Kampar. Having arrived in an area, this sassy pulled ashore in order not weathered by the water of the river. Sassy then supported by the timber to stand firmly and then given a roof with a screen attached to the pole smoothly. Then, because the screen is so heavy, the rope supporting arced screen that resembles gonjong. Furthermore, the shape of the building is used by our ancestors as a hallmark of their homes. Building House Tower is located 1-2 meters above the ground, so the building is supported by a pole-carefree and with a pit.Rumah Gadang under high provide fresh air especially in the summer. Vault at the Tower House was also used to place items or tools, where weaving and even maintain ternak.Kolong place also serves as a protection from wild animals. Gadang roofs can also be used to store items in the house. In addition gadang built houses lined up in winds from the north to the south in order to free him from the heat of the sun and wind.
Rumah Gadang masts have also been designed in such a way. Experts say that the Rumah Gadang resilient to the shocks of earthquakes. Gadang has flexible power and solidity in the event of an earthquake of up to force 8 on the Richter scale. Tower
House does not use nails as a binder, but in the form of pegs as the
connection causing the Tower House is flexible and vibration distributed
to all the buildings. Tower House poles never touch the ground, but dialas with stones password. The stone serves to reduce vibration waves from the ground, so that
if an earthquake occurs Tower House will simply swinging the wave of the
vibration.The walls of the longhouse made of wood, except that of the rear portion composed of bamboo. Wall mounted vertical board. At any given board connection frame. All the boards are filled with carvings. Sometimes the pole is in the well carved. Thus, carving a dominant decoration in home building gadang Minangkabau. Carvings in the Rumah Gadang was not associated with beliefs that are sacred, but only as a valuable work of art decoration. At the Tower House, 2/3 parts are separated room. It symbolizes that the public interest takes precedence over private interests. In addition, a major milestone in the longhouse called Limpapeh. Limpapeh in Minangkabau society known as Bundo expression Kanduang Limpapeh Nan House Tower, meaning that a mother become the foundation of strength disebuah Rumah Gadang. If the mother's role is fragile, the Tower House will collapse. Additionally, rooms at the Rumah Gadang intended for children and niece. The chamber is for girls, and girls who are married. Boys in Minangkabau will sleep in the mosque and when they are married, they will sleep in the house of their wives. There are so many unique architecture of the Tower House Minangkabau which has been designed in such a way with a variety of functions. Many people are asking who had the initial idea in designing the Tower House this.
According to some sources, the architect who built the first Rumah Gadang is a clever Cadiak Minangkabau named Datuak Tan Tejo Gerhano. He was buried in Pariangan Tanah Datar district and is known as the graveyard tomb long unique in that if each time measured will differ in length. Architecture at the Tower House is very unique, this uniqueness sets it apart from other traditional house in Indonesia. The shape and the philosophy of the building, the materials used, and the longhouse carving architecture rarely found in other parts of the archipelago and even the world. Tower House is a treasure and very valuable to the Minangkabau community. Maintain the existence of the Tower House is a noble task Minang people are important to do. Tower House, according to the architecture of the room in front with a linear or (space stretching from the front to the rear between the poles lined), divided into 3 types, namely:
1. Fold Pandan: Berlanjar two, called the Tower House Rajo Babandiang.
2. Shopping Shoots: Berlanjar three, called the Tower House Bapaserek / Surambi papek3. Elephant Maharam: berlanjar four, called the Elephant Tower House Maharam
Philosophy Rumah Gadang (Minangkabau traditional house)Why House Tower Minangkabau roof Like buffalo horn?Type carving Rumah Gadang is composed of:1. kaluak Nails: Interpreted nephew guided lap child.2. Pucuak Tabuang: Interpreted useful small, large unused.3. Saluak Aka: Interpreted kinship interrelated.4. Jalo: Interpreted Caniago Bodi administration.5. Jarek: Interpreted administration Broker Koto.6. Itiak return patang: Interpreted order nephew children.7. Saik Galamai: Interpreted accuracy.8. Sikambang sweet: Interpreted hospitality.
Forms and types Rangkiang / granary, among others:1. Sitinjau Lauik Used as a place to store the rice to be sold for purposes of collective or customary expenditure items. The shape is slender, bergonjong and engraved with four poles, located in the middle.2. Sibayau-Bayau: Used to store grain food daily. The shape fat, bergonjong and engraved with 6 poles located dikanan.3. Sitangguang Lapa / Sitangka lapa used to store grain for the dry season and helping the poor. Sided shape, bergonjong and engraved with 4 poles, located to the left.4. Kaciak: Used to store grain and seeds for rice processing costs. It was round, carved and bergonjong, located between the third circuit.
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